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The discovery of hair growth promoting signals (BMP, ephrin)
The previous analysis showed a particularly dramatic decline in the genetic expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and ephrin, a gene that stimulates the growth of new blood vessels
http://www.lion.co.jp/en/press/pdf/pre24-02.pdf Once the precise effects of BMP and ephrin on hair follicles were identified, recognition of the essential role of each in promoting the growth of hair cells soon followed http://www.lion.co.jp/en/press/pdf/pre24-03.pdf Through this process, BMP and ephrin were recognized as important hair growth promoting signals in addressing androgenic alopecia.


Novel approach to the development of innovative hair-nourishment treatments
The aforementioned research and analyses suggested that lower levels of BMP and ephrin expression, common in androgenic alopecia, interrupt normal hair growth. These findings led to the hypothesis that reversing this decline in expression might allow the hair growth cycle to return to normal, which would naturally promote hair growth. Returning a state of hair loss to one of normal hair growth would thus involve 1) increasing the presence of hair growth promoting signals found in DPCs by a wide margin, and 2) blocking hair depilation signals. The search for substances that can simultaneously perform both functions yielded two promising candidates: a compound from the amine-class of nucleic acids that stimulates growth in plants, and 6-benzyl aminopurine*, a substance already noted for its beneficial effect on hair growth.

*Although 6-benzyl aminopurine has been approved for use in humans, the exact mechanism behind its efficacy remains unclear.

1) Recognizing the ability of 6-benzyl aminopurine to rapidly increase hair growth promoting signals
DNA array analysis has revealed over 51 recognizable genetic changes that occur in experiments in which 6-benzyl aminopurine is added to cell cultures with intact DPCs. Of these changes, an increase in the level of expression of BMP and ephrin has been determined as the crucial factor in achieving hair growth http://www.lion.co.jp/en/press/pdf/pre24-04.pdf In other words, 6-benzyl aminopurine was seen to encourage activity during the growth stage of the hair growth cycle, and to effectively boost the level of hair growth promoting signals present during the growth cycle.

2) The ability of 6-benzyl aminopurine to suppress hair depilation signals
When 6-benzyl aminopurine is introduced into human hair follicle keratinocyte cultures engineered to simulate conditions during hair loss, the chemical effectively suppresses hair depilation signals http://www.lion.co.jp/en/press/pdf/pre24-05.pdf This evidence suggests that 6-benzyl aminopurine discourages the loss of hair follicles, helping to return the stunted hair growth cycle to its rightful state.

This research makes it clear that the development of new treatments for hair loss must include two elements. The first was already known: using the hair depilation signal to take the hair growth cycle beyond the hair loss stage. The second element, which has been identified for the first time through Lion's groundbreaking research, is the need to prevent a decline in the level of growth promoting signals, which are needed to advance to the growth stage, thus ensuring that the hair growth cycle functions smoothly.

Moreover, the dual effect evidenced by 6-benzyl aminopurine as a mechanism for raising the level of hair growth promoting signals in the hair growth cycle and suppressing hair depilation signals, suggests a possible new approach to the discovery of novel treatments for combating hair loss http://www.lion.co.jp/en/press/pdf/pre24-06.pdf Looking ahead, Lion intends to continue its cutting edge research in this field, with the aim of applying the new technologies in the development of innovative hair-nourishment treatments.